Before the unification of Germany in 1871, various states within the German Confederation issued their own gold coins. These states had their own coinage systems and minted coins with unique designs, denominations, and specifications. Here are some examples of gold coins issued by prominent German states:
Prussia: As one of the largest and most powerful states in Germany, Prussia issued gold coins of various denominations. These included the Friedrich d'or, the Friedrich Wilhelm d'or, and the 20 Mark gold coin. These coins typically featured the portrait of the ruling monarch on the obverse and the Prussian coat of arms on the reverse.
Bavaria: Bavaria issued its own gold coins, including the Ducat and the Gulden. These coins featured the portrait of the ruling monarch on the obverse and various Bavarian symbols, such as the Bavarian coat of arms, on the reverse.
Saxony: Saxony issued gold coins, such as the Friedrich d'or and the 20 Mark gold coin. These coins featured the portrait of the ruling monarch on the obverse and the Saxon coat of arms or other state symbols on the reverse.
Württemberg: Württemberg issued gold coins, including the Friedrich d'or and the 20 Mark gold coin. These coins typically featured the portrait of the ruling monarch on the obverse and the Württemberg coat of arms or other state symbols on the reverse.
Hanover: Hanover issued gold coins during its time as a kingdom. These included coins such as the Friedrich d'or and the 20 Mark gold coin, featuring the portrait of the ruling King of Hanover and Hanoverian symbols.
Hesse: Hesse issued gold coins, including the Friedrich d'or and the 20 Mark gold coin. These coins featured the portrait of the ruling Grand Duke or Landgrave of Hesse on the obverse and various Hessian symbols on the reverse.
These are just a few examples of the many gold coins issued by the states of Germany before unification. Each state had its own coinage system and issued coins reflecting its unique history and political identity.