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1595, Doges of Venice, Pasquale Cicogna.  Nice Copper Sesino Coin. VF+

Condition: VF+ Denomination: Sesino Mint Period: 1595-1605 Reference: Gamberini 570. Material: Copper Diameter: 18mm Weight: 1.22gm

Obverse: Winged lion of St. Mark facing. Legend: + SANCTVS . MARCVS . VENETVS .   Reverse: Arms of Venice (cross with pellets in fields) surrounded by legend. Legend: * MARINVS . GRIMANO . DVX

The Doge of Venice (Italian: Doge di Venezia; derived from Latin dūx, "military leader"), sometimes translated as Duke (cf. Italian Duca), was the chief magistrate and leader of the Most Serene Republic of Venice for over a thousand years. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. Commonly the man selected as Doge was the shrewdest elder in the city. The doge was not a duke in the modern sense, nor was a doge the equivalent of a hereditary duke. The "doge" was the senior-most elected official of Venice and Genoa; both cities were republics and elected doges. A doge was referred to variously by the titles "My Lord the Doge" (Monsignor el Doxe), "Most Serene Prince" (Serenissimo Principe), and "His Serenity" (Sua Serenità).

Marino Grimani (1 July 1532, in Venice – 25 December 1605, in Venice) was the 89th Doge of Venice, reigning from 26 April 1595 until his death. Grimani's reign as doge was principally remembered for two reasons:

Grimani was born in 1532 to Donata Pisani and Girolamo Grimani. Grimani's father was a wealthy man and an able politician. Given his wealthy background, Marino Grimani became podestà at a relatively young age, and was then appointed as Venice's Ambassador to the Vatican in Rome. Upon his return to Venice, he was made a cavaliere. He became active in city politics and used his immense wealth to gain the acclaim of the people.

Following the death of Pasquale Cicogna, Grimani was a candidate for Doge. After 70 ballots, none of the candidates had the votes necessary to be elected. At this point, Grimani made liberal use of "gifts" in order to break the deadlock, and he was eventually elected Doge on 26 April 1595.

Given Grimani's popularity with the people, his election set off a long round of festivities and celebrations, and, just as these were waning, the coronation of Morosina Morosini as dogaressa set off a new round of opulent festivities.

Between 1601 and 1604, Venice, under Grimani's leadership, passed a number of laws limiting the power of the papacy within the Republic of Venice and withdrew a number of clerical privileges. This came to a head in late 1605 when Venice charged two priests as common criminals, thus denying their clerical immunity from facing charges in secular courts. On 10 December 1605, Pope Paul V sent a formal protest to Venice.

Grimani died on 25 December 1605, leaving the dispute with the papacy unresolved.