[ 5910] PHOENICIA: Arados Silver Tetrobol (3.21 gm.) c.1st half of the 4th Cent. B.C. References: BMC 27. Head of Melqart. War galley travelling right, waves below, Phoenician letters above. Provided with certificate of authenticity. CERTIFIED AUTHENTIC by Sergey Nechayev, PhD - Numismatic Expert An important city of northern Phoenicia, Arados itself occupied an island but it controlled an extensive area on the mainland. Melqart, properly Phoenician Milk-Qart "King of the City", less accurately Melkart, Melkarth or Melgart, Akkadian Milqartu, was tutelary god of the Phoenician city of Tyre as Eshmun protected Sidon. Melqart was often titled Ba‘l Ṣūr "Lord of Tyre", the ancestral king of the royal line. In Greek, by interpretatio graeca he was identified with Heracles and referred to as the Tyrian Herakles. Melqart was venerated in Phoenician and Punic cultures from Syria to Spain. The first occurrence of the name is in a ninth-century BCE stela inscription found in 1939 north of Aleppo in northern Syria, the "Ben-Hadad" inscription, erected by the son of the king of Arma, "for his lord Melqart, which he vowed to him and he heard his voice" Mythology: Greek It was suggested by some writers that the Phoenician Melicertes son of Ino found in Greek mythology was in origin a reflection of Melqart. Though no classical source explicitly connects the two, Ino is the daughter of Cadmus of Tyre. Lewis Farnell thought not, referring in 1916 to "the accidental resemblance in sound of Melikertes and Melqart, seeing that Melqart, the bearded god, had no affinity in form or myth with the child- or boy-deity, and was moreover always identified with Herakles: nor do we know anything about Melqart that would explain the figure of Ino that is aboriginally inseparable from Melikertes." Athenaeus (392d) summarizes a story by Eudoxus of Cnidus (c. 355 BCE) telling how Heracles the son of Zeus by Asteria (= ‘Ashtart ?) was killed by Typhon in Libya. Heracles' companion Iolaus brought a quail to the dead god (presumably a roasted quail) and its delicious scent roused Heracles back to life. This purports to explain why the Phoenicians sacrifice quails to Heracles. It seems that Melqart had a companion similar to the Hellenic Iolaus, who was himself a native of the Tyrian colony of Thebes. Sanchuniathon also makes Melqart under the name Malcarthos or Melcathros. the son of Hadad. who is normally identified with Zeus. The Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions (10.24) speaks of the tombs of various gods, including "that of Heracles at Tyre, where he was burnt with fire." The Hellenic Heracles also died on a pyre, but the event was located on Mount Oeta in Trachis. A similar tradition is recorded by Dio Chrysostom (Or. 33.47) who mentions the beautiful pyre which the Tarsians used to build for their Heracles, referring here to the Cilician god Sandan. To be sure, in Nonnus' Dionysiaca (40.366–580) the Tyrian Heracles is very much a Sun-god. However there is a tendency in the later Hellenistic and Roman periods for almost all gods to develop solar attributes and for almost all eastern gods to be identified with the Sun. Nonnus gives the title Astrochiton 'Starclad' to Tyrian Heracles and has his Dionysus recite a hymn to this Heracles, saluting him as "the son of Time, he who causes the threefold image of the Moon, the all-shining Eye of the heavens". Rain is ascribed to the shaking from his head of the waters of the his bath in the eastern Ocean. His Sun-disk is praised as the cause of growth in plants. Then, in a climactic burst of syncretism, Dionysus identifies the Tyrian Heracles with Belus on the Euphrates, Ammon in Libya, Apis by the Nile, Arabian Cronus, Assyrian Zeus, Serapis, Zeus of Egypt, Cronus, Phaethon, Mithras, Delphic Apollo, Gamos 'Marriage', and Paeon 'Healer'. The Tyrian Heracles answers by appearing to Dionysus. There is red light in the fiery eyes of t ...
Mehr...
|
Beigetragen von:
anonymous 2015-08-18 |
| Zusätzliche Ansichten: |
|
|
Similar Coin Groups
1 Tetradrachm Antikes Griechenland (1100 ...
Diese Gruppe hat 31 Münzen / 31 Preise
Add coin to this group
1 Stater Antikes Griechenland (1100BC-33 ...
Diese Gruppe hat 16 Münzen / 6 Preise
Add coin to this group
1 Tetradrachm Antikes Griechenland (1100 ...
Diese Gruppe hat 2 Münzen / 2 Preise
Add coin to this group
1 Stater Antikes Griechenland (1100BC-33 ...
Diese Gruppe hat 8 Münzen / 8 Preise
Add coin to this group
1 Drachm Western Chalukya Empire (973 - ...
Diese Gruppe hat 2 Münzen / 1 Preise
Add coin to this group
2025-05-29
- Historical Coin Prices
2025-05-28
- Echtzeit Münzkatalog Verbesserungen / description improving
40 coin descriptions were improved from 2025-05-21 to 2025-05-28
Eine von ihnen ist:
5 Yuan Volksrepublik China Silber
Diese Gruppe hat 2 Münzen
Das könnte Sie auch interessieren:
Münzpreise
